Caries hos børn og unge, fluorid i drikke vandet, forældreindtægt og køn
Formål – Formålet med den foreliggende undersøgelse var at belyse forholdene mellem fluoridkoncentrationen i drikkevandet og familieindkomsten med cariesforekomsten blandt fem- og 15-årige børn og unge i Danmark. Materiale og metoder – Der er foretaget en samkøring af registrene SCOR (for registrering af caries), CPR (Centrale Person Register for registrering af individet), BBR (Bygnings- og BoligRegistret for registrering af individets adresse/adresser), Jupiter (Danmarks og Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelser for registrering af adressens vandforsyning og fluoridkoncentration) og endelig skattevæsenets (SKAT for registrering af familiens skattepligtige indkomst i skatteåret 2004). Logistisk regression blev anvendt til at klarlægge korrelationer, idet der blev justeret for køn og familieindkomst. Resultater – Fluoridkoncentratioen i drikkevandet varierede betydeligt fra < 0,1 mg/l til mere end 1,5 mg/l. I perioden faldt cariesforekomsten både blandt femårige og 15-årige. Der observeredes en omvendt relation mellem risikoen for caries og drikkevandets fluoridkoncentration i både det temporære og det permanente tandsæt. Ved de højeste fluoridkoncentrationer (> 1 mg/l) var reduktionen omkring 50 %. En lige så stærk effekt af familieindkomsten blev observeret. Det blev endelig konstateret, at en samkøring af registrene SCOR, CPR, BBR, Jupiter og SKAT er realisabel og åbner mulighed for, at andre parametre end lige caries og fluorid kan belyses. Konklusioner – Det konkluderes, at der kan afledes en carieshæmmende effekt af fluoridkoncentrationen i drikkevandet fra nærmeste vandværk på op til 50 % afhængigt af den generelle cariesforekomst. Der blev fundet en lige så stærk carieshæmmende effekt relateret til husstandens skattepligtige indtægt.
Prevalence of caries, fluoride in drinking water, family income and dental caries: Aim – The aim of the present study was to examine the association between the fluoride concentration in drinking water, the family tax revenue and dental caries in Danish children. Material and methods – We have linked registry data on the fluoride concentration in drinking water over a 10-year period and the Danish income tax register for 2004 with data on dental caries from the Danish National Boards database on child dental health for 5-year old children born in 1989 and 1999, and for 15- year old children born in 1979 and 1989. Logistic regression was used to assess the correlations, adjusting for gender and taxable family income as a proxy variable for socioeconomic status. Results – The fluoride concentration in drinking water varied considerably within the country from very low (< 0.10 mg/l) to more than 1.5 mg/l. Dental caries in both 5- and 15-year-olds had decreased over the study period. An inverse relation between the risk of dental caries and fluoride concentration in drinking water was found in both primary and permanent teeth. At the highest level of fluoride exposure (> 1 mg/l) a reduction of about 50 % was found. An equally strong effect of the family’s taxable income was found. Linking of Danish health registers with environmental and administrative registers seems to offer a prosperous opportunity for research. Conclusion – The caries inhibiting effect of the concentration of fluoride in the drinking water is up to 50 %, which is dependent of the general occurrence of caries. There was found a similar strong caries inhibiting effect related to the tax income of the household.
